In previous modules, we discussed knowing who an audience is in terms of the people who physically make up an audience and some of the best ways to reach them. Another important factor when considering your audience is determining what they need from your communication. How do we determine needs? Research the web  to discover ways in which we can determine the information that a targeted audience needs from our communications. Be sure to list your sources of information so that your peers can benefit from your research.

In your responses to your peers, compare and contrast your findings to theirs in order to gain a deeper understanding of audience needs analysis.

 

delievables

first a main discussion post of two paragraphs.then on tuesday wednesday this week i will send you 8post from my peers via private email for you to comment and update the answer for me.each response should be a paragraph.thank you.

 

Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper discussing Freud, Erikson, and two other psychoanalytic or neo-psychoanalytic theorists.

Answer the following questions in your paper:

• Why was Freud’s work so influential?
• How did the analysts that followed Freud dissent from his viewpoint?
• What links the theorists in the psychoanalytic theory group?
• What are three or more psychoanalytic concepts that are relevant to today’s culture? Explain their relevance and provide an example of each.

Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

The nature of ethical decision making requires that we understand mistakes made by individuals and organizations in the past and evaluate the ways in which personal values interact with organizational culture to increase the likelihood of unethical decisions.  This activity allows you to build your evaluation skills by identifying issues that create environments more likely to fall prey to unethical decision making through policies, procedures, and organizational norms.  The 1977 Ford Pinto case is often studied in order to help create a deeper understanding about the dilemmas that not only impact an organization’s public persona, long-term profitability, and consumer safety, but also each employee’s responsibility for the decisions.

Read the article: Dowie, M. (1977, September/October). Pinto madness. Retrieved from http://www.motherjones.com/politics/1977/09/pinto-madness

Prepare a case analysis on the topic.

Locate and research at least three sources (excluding the Dowie’s article and your text) to discover additional information about the company and its ethical dilemma.  Use your text to create a foundation for the ethics theory.  This must be a concise evaluation of the case, so provide information on your understanding of the application of theory and personal values.

Develop your case analysis using the five following sections:

Section 1: Introduction and situational analysis: Describe the ethical dilemma, giving appropriate background information.  The term “dilemma” implies that there are pros and cons to various options, even if some are clearly more socially acceptable than others.  This is also where you do your situational analysis – identifying factors related to the individual(s) involved (consider the readings from this module), company and managerial practices and policies, external factors such as economic pressure, and any other aspects of the situation that you believe helped create the dilemma.

Section 2: Stakeholder analysis: Identify the key stakeholders and how they are potentially impacted by the various options inherent in the dilemma.

Section 3: Analysis based on ethical theories: Analyze the ethical dilemma from the perspective of cultural relativism (how it relates to cultural norms – what society would view as acceptable, as well as what is legal), teleology (looking at consequences and acting for the greater good), deontology (duties and principles), and virtue.

Note that the stakeholder analysis is particularly pertinent to the consequentialist approach, and that one of the challenges is estimating the positive and negative impacts on relevant stakeholders.  Do the best you can, looking at both good and bad consequences for each stakeholder group. Make sure you summarize the overall situation and come to a conclusion about the greater good.

Section 4: Conclusion and recommendations. Up to now, you have been analyzing and comparing options.  Here is where you pull together the different threads of your analysis and determine whether or not the company did the right thing.  Also, make recommendations about what the company should have done.  Make sure your justifications clearly flow from your analysis.  Make managerial and policy recommendations that would help avoid similar ethical dilemmas in the future and provide guidance to help those facing a similar dilemma.

Section 5: References.  List at least three sources (in addition to the Dowie’s article and your text) where you located additional information about the company and the associated ethical dilemma(s).

 

How civilization emerged in Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt and the Hittite empire? What are the characteristics of these civilizations that we have inherited?

 

Today you had lunch with your friend Sarah Teasdale. Sarah has worked with Zaird & Associates, CPAs, for about two years. You’ve been with Zaird for only nine months. You discussed with her your difficulties in getting jobs done in the budgeted number of hours. Sarah said, “Yeah, that’s a problem. You’ll get quicker with experience, but—don’t tell anyone I told you this—some of those audit programs are pretty awful and include some pretty outdated and even some stupid procedures. Sometimes I just sign the program, but skip doing the procedure. I don’t do this often, but sometimes the procedure isn’t capable of detecting anything.” You said little to her after this, but are now thinking about whether you need to become more “practical” about how you perform your work.

1. Identify your problem here.
2. Identify your possible courses of action. For each of these courses, identify any constraints relating to the decision (e.g., personal standards, societal norms, professional ethical standards, other professional standards) and analyze the course of action’s likely effects.
3. Select the best course of action.

Your paper should be 3-4 pages in length. Follow APA format, according to CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA Requirements. Include a title page and reference page. Use two outside academic sources other than the textbook, course materials, or other information provided as part of the course materials.

Select a criminal organization. Discuss the origin of this organization and how it has evolved since its’ inception. Compare and contrast the recruitment and business practices used in its’ early beginnings to those used today. Discuss what legitimate businesses the group may have ties to currently and how these businesses are operated in context of illegal activities

 

The Final Case Analysis Paper should demonstrate an understanding of the reading as well as the implications of new knowledge. Your paper must integrate readings, class discussions, personal experiences, and implications for future applications.

The purpose of the Final Case Analysis Paper is for you to culminate the learning achieved in the course by describing your understanding and application of knowledge in the field.

Focus of the Final Case Analysis Paper:

The Final Case Analysis Paper should focus on real life and real time application of topics covered in this course; the uses you have seen and the uses you can envision.

Read Case Eight, Mattel and Toy Safety, in the Business and Society section at the end of the book. This case describes the 2007 Mattel toy recalls, which were in response to findings that several children’s toys were coated in lead-based paint.

Write an eight- to ten-page paper (not including the title and reference pages), that addresses the following:

1. Explain if Mattel acted in a socially responsible and ethical manner with regard to the safety of its toys.
2. Describe what Mattel should or could have done differently.
3. Describe who or what was responsible for the fact that children were exposed to potentially dangerous toys.
4. Explain the best way to ensure the safety of children’s toys and consider how the following groups would respond: government regulators (in the United States and China); consumer advocates, the toy industry, children’s product retailers, and standard-setting organizations. Explain the differences in their point of view.
5. Describe what you think is the best way for society to protect children from harmful toys and discuss the appropriate roles for various stakeholders in this process.

Writing the Final Case Analysis Paper 

The Final Case Analysis Paper:

1. Must be eight- to ten- pages in length (excluding the title page, references page, exhibits, etc.) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
2. Must include a cover page:

Due to varying business characteristics, the managerial accounting techniques applied in each business may differ.  For example, a business in the start-up phase may rely heavily upon budgeting and capital investment techniques; whereas, a business in the mature/maintaining phase may rely heavily upon cost management and quality control. Ultimately, the techniques used by management should assist the business in achieving its short-term and long-term goals through effective decision-making.

For your Final Paper, you will analyze the role of managerial accounting in two parts. Part I will provide a general overview of managerial accounting. Part II will provide examples of how managerial accounting theories and principles are applied in the business world.  You may find it helpful to reflect upon your own professional experiences for examples.

Part I (three to four double-spaced pages, excluding the title and reference pages)

Present the following:

• Define managerial accounting
• Describe the role of managerial accounting and the management accountant in a business or organization
• Describes ethical issues/concerns for the management accountant
• Describes at least three managerial accounting techniques available and their application within a business or organization

Part II (Four to six double-spaced pages, excluding the title and reference pages)

Select at least three of the five topics identified below:

• Cost Management Techniques
• Costing Methods
• Capital Investment Decision Techniques
• Budgeting
• Quality Control

For each topic selected, present real world examples of the application of managerial accounting techniques within a business or organization.  Examples may be gathered from your own professional experiences or from case studies obtained from credible sources (excluding textbook examples explored in previous weeks).  Presentation of each example should include how a managerial accounting technique was applied in the business or organization’s decision-making model.  Be sure to support your example with calculations when applicable.

Writing the Final Paper

The Final Paper:

• Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a title page with the following:
  • Title of paper
  • Student’s name
  • Course name and number
  • Instructor’s name
  • Date submitted
• Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
• Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
• Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
• Must use at least five scholarly sources.
• Must document all sources in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.