Author: chris

1.Use the IS-LM model to predict the effects of the following cases on the equilibrium income Y and the interest rate r. Show your answer on a graph and explain briefly the reason behind the shift in any of the curves, and movement along in any of the curves. Explain what happens in the goods&services market and the money market; all in the short run. Model you answer after the textbook discussion in chapter 12
a. Increase in government spending
b. Increase in money supply
c. Increase in taxes
d. Stock market boom

2. Using the Keynesian cross model describe in words how the multiplier process work and why an increase in government spending could drive the economy out of recession. Make also use of graphs of the Keynesian cross and AD-AS model to show the recession and then the effect of the increase of government spending.
3. If we describe the phases the US economy took since 2008 as: A) Recession and decline in private spending,2008, B) fiscal and monetary stimulus, 2009-2012. C)Gov spending cut 2013 d) private spending boom, accompanied with contractor monetary policy.
Us IS-LM and AD-AS short run analysis for each phase. Also, assume a flat SRAS, as we had very low inflation and the economy was operating under its full capacity. and mark the full employment level of output in each graph.

4. What are the main hypotheses that explain the Great Depression? Use IS-LM and AD-AS models in your answer and elaborate on the contrast between Pigou = the Real Balance effect and the debt-deflation effect. Which effect would call for active fiscal policy and which effect would be against it? Why?

5. Solve Problem 2 chapter 11 and Problem 4 from Chapter 12.
The pictures of the question are in the final review folder in canvas

Solutions to the Quantitative Problems:
Problem 2 chapter 11
2. a. Total planned expenditure is

PE = C(Y – T) + I + G.

Plugging in the consumption function and the values for investment I, government purchases G, and taxes T given in the question, total planned expenditure PE is

PE = 120 + 0.80(Y – 400) + 200 + 400
= 0.80Y + 400.

This equation is graphed in Figure 11-8.
b. To find the equilibrium level of income, combine the planned-expenditure equation derived in part (a) with the equilibrium condition Y = PE:

Y = 0.80Y + 400
Y = 2,000.

The equilibrium level of income is 2,000, as indicated in Figure 11-8.

c. If government purchases increase to 420, then planned expenditure changes to PE = 0.80Y + 420. Equilibrium income increases to Y = 2,100. Therefore, an increase in government purchases of 20 (i.e., 420 – 400 = 20) increases income by 100. This is what we expect to find, because the formula for the government-purchases multiplier is 1/(1 – MPC), the MPC is 0.80, and the government-purchases multiplier therefore has a numerical value of 5.
d. An income level of 2,400 represents an increase of 400 over the original level of income. The government-purchases multiplier is 1/(1 – MPC): the MPC in this example equals 0.80, so the government-purchases multiplier is 5. This means that government purchases must increase by 80 (to a level of 480) for income to increase by 400.
e. An income level of 2,400 represents an increase of 400 over the original level of income. The tax multiplier is –MPC/(1 – MPC): the MPC in this example equals 0.80, so the tax multiplier is 4. This means that taxes must decrease by 100 (to a level of 300) for income to increase by 400.

Problem 4 from Chapter 12

4. a. The IS curve is given by:

Y = C(Y – T) + I(r) + G.

We can plug in the consumption and investment functions and values for G and T as given in the question and then rearrange to solve for the IS curve for this economy:

Y = 500 + 0.75(Y – 1,000) + 1,000 – 50r + 1,000
Y – 0.75Y = 1,750 – 50r
(1 – 0.75)Y = 1,750 – 50r
Y = (1/0.25) (1,750 – 50r)
Y = 7,000 – 200r.
The LM curve is determined by equating the demand for and supply of real money balances. The supply of real balances is 6,000/2 = 3,000. Setting this equal to money demand, we find:
3,000 = Y – 200r.
Y = 3,000 + 200r.
Equating the IS and LM equations, we can solve for r:

7,000 – 200r = 3,000 + 200r
4,000 = 400r
r = 10.
Now that we know r, we can solve for Y by substituting it into either the IS or the LM equation. We find:
Y = 5,000.
Therefore, the equilibrium interest rate is 10 percent and the equilibrium level of output is 5,000. This is labeled as point a in Figure 12-17 in part e below.

b. If taxes fall by 20% then taxes are now equal to 800 and we can recalculate the IS curve equation:

Y = 500 + 0.75(Y – 800) + 1,000 – 50r + 1,000
Y – 0.75Y = 1,900 – 50r
(1 – 0.75)Y = 1,900 – 50r
Y = (1/0.25) (1,900 – 50r)
Y = 7,600 – 200r.

Equating the new IS and old LM equations, we can solve for r:
7,600 – 200r = 3,000 + 200r
4,600 = 400r
r = 11.5.

Now that we know r, we can solve for Y by substituting it into either the IS or the LM equation. We find:
Y = 5,300.
Therefore, the equilibrium interest rate is 11.5 percent and the equilibrium level of output is 5,300. The decrease in taxes will shift the IS curve to the right. The new equilibrium point is labeled as point b in Figure 12-17 in part e below. The tax multiplier measures the change in equilibrium output divided by the change in taxes, or 300/-200 = -1.5.

c. To find the value of the money supply that will keep the interest rate at the original level of 10 percent after the tax cut, rewrite the LM curve equation so that it is a function of M:

M/2 = Y – 200r
Y = M/2 + 200r.

Now we can equate this new equation for the LM curve with the new IS curve, plug in the value of 10 for the interest rate r and solve for the money supply M:

7,600 – 200r = M/2 + 200r
7,600 – 200(10) = M/2 + 200(10)
M = 7,200.

If the money supply has a value of 7,200 then the level of output is 5,600. The increase in the money supply will shift the LM curve to the right. This new equilibrium point is illustrated as point c in Figure 12-17 in part e below. The tax multiplier measures the change in equilibrium output divided by the change in taxes, or 600/-200 = -3.

d. To find the value of the money supply that will keep output at the original level of 5,000 after the tax cut, rewrite the LM curve equation so that it is a function of M, and solve for r:

M/2 = Y – 200r
200r = Y – M/2
r = Y/200 – M/400.

Rewrite the IS curve equation so that r is defined as a function of Y:

Y = 7,600 – 200r
200r = 7,600 – Y
r = 7,600/200 – Y/200.

Now we can equate these new equations for the IS and LM curves, plug in the value of 5,000 for the level of output Y and solve for the money supply M:

7,600/200 – Y/200 = Y/200 – M/400
7,600 – Y = Y – M/2
M = 4,800.
\

If the money supply has a value of 4,800 then the level of the interest rate is 13. The decrease in the money supply will shift the LM curve to the left. This new equilibrium point is illustrated as point d in Figure 12-17 in part e below. The tax multiplier measures the change in equilibrium output divided by the change in taxes, or 0/-200 = 0.

Note that this problem could have been solved in a different way. From the IS curve equation, if you know Y is equal to 5,000 then you can solve for the interest rate r. You can then plug these values for output and the interest rate into the LM curve equation and solve for the money supply M.

e. The four equilibrium points are illustrated in Figure 12-17.

A high-end market research firm has contacted your boss and is trying to sell some business to your organization. Upper management does not want to appear incompetent, so they have asked you to research and explain three major ways multivariate statistics are used in a business.

Small Group Discussion

Research the library, and provide at least 1 example of how a real company has used each of the following multivariate techniques: factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, and cluster analysis. Companies that provide statistics software Web sites and market research firm Web sites usually include case studies and customer testimonials.

Read the postings of all group members, and decide as a group which technique is preferred by the group and which example best illustrates the use of this technique. ( a Real life example of the company : very important ).

Use the Small-Group Discussion Board for your comments.

Individual Portion

For the individual portion of this project, on your own, write a summary of 1,500 words explaining to upper management the chosen multivariate technique, how it is different from the other 2 techniques, how at least 1 other real-life company has used this technique to address a business problem, and how that technique might be used at your own organization.

Please add your file.
Objective:

Explain the various methodologies and applications relating to levels of measurement, central tendency, dispersion, and other key statistical metrics.
Apply various risk assessment tools to business circumstances and assess confidence, risk, and sampling error.
Very important:
My part in this project is taking about multidimensional scaling and give an example about a real company and another thing is to compare the model chosen with 2 others and finally wrote what can I do for the company W or recommendation for the company W

Depending on whether you are seeking a DBA or a PhD, it is of paramount importance that you identify an overall organizing structure in the literature using either a conceptual framework (DBA students) or theoretical framework (PhD students). As previously mentioned, it is important to be able to relate the issues discussed within the review to theory or other frameworks that already exist in the field. This will allow you to show how your study will contribute to practice and/or theory. For this assignment, you will identify how your literature review fits within a conceptual framework(s) or theoretical framework(s) within your specialization.

As you have been collecting and reading your scholarly sources thus far, you should have been noting the conceptual or theoretical frameworks used by the authors. This was part of digesting the information within a scholarly source that you worked on in Weeks 2 and 3. In addition, you have been working to form themes in developing your outline in Week 4 and noting what frameworks were used within each theme/(sub)topic. In Weeks 5 and 6, you summarized, critically analyzed, and synthesized the literature you collected thus far. All the while, you also continued to collect additional scholarly sources, write, receive feedback on your writing, incorporate that feedback, and continue on. In other words, you have been partaking in the iterative process of writing a literature review. This assignment is geared toward further honing your literature review by helping you determine the conceptual or theoretical framework that you will use to couch your paper.

• Look back at the scholarly resources you have read thus far. Describe the conceptual and/or theoretical frameworks used by the authors.
• Compare and contrast how your topic relates to each of those frameworks used.
• Based on your analysis, which framework best applies to your topic? Note that you may find that none of the frameworks seem to really fit your topic. This is a normal part of the writing process. If you find this is the case, please explain how the frameworks in your sources do not fit your topic. This should help illuminate where you should search in the literature to find a framework that applies to your study, which you can then discuss here.
• Justify why this conceptual/theoretical framework applies to your topic area and literature search. Also ensure your chosen framework reflects your degree type.
• Discuss how the framework interweaves into your literature revie

Three of the leaders profiled in Chapter 2 (Mother Teresa, Bill Gates, and Oprah Winfrey) have started foundations, schools, or other projects to support causes they believe in. Conduct online research of a favorite celebrity or professional athlete who has also set up a foundation or project for social good. In your paper:

• Describe the foundation or project for social good.
• Discuss how the foundation reflects the personal values of the celebrity or athlete.
• Explain how the foundation or project is an example of leadership integrity.
• Describe how the foundation or project enhances the celebrity’s image.
• Describe whether integrity and image management are compatible.

Writing the Paper

The Paper:

1. Must be three to four double-spaced pages in length (not including the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined.
2. Must include a title page with the following:
   1. Title of paper
   2. Student’s name
   3. Course name and number
   4. Instructor’s name
   5. Date submitted
3. Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
4. Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
5. Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.

 

Here is a list of the essay questions for the final exam. You are to submit the answers to all four of these questions to the DROPBOX.

Final Exam Essay Questions:

41. Describe three push and three pull factors that have influenced the demographic shift from rural areas to urban areas.

42. Describe ten specific things you can do to reduce consumption of water, energy, and or any other resource.

43. Define acid deposition. Which two criteria air pollutants contribute the most to acid deposition (acid rain)? Discuss the impact of acid rain on each of the following: lakes/streams, forests and building materials.

44. Distinguish between the benefits of the ozone layer in the stratosphere and the harmful effects of ozone at ground level.

• Explore and define telemedicine and telehealth and the associated concerns and benefits.
• Identify and discuss the underpinnings of defensive medicine and their influence on healthcare delivery.
• Describe and interpret the legislation and the requirement of guaranteed care under the EMTALA as part of the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) of 1985.
• Examine and explain the levels of ED care required to receive accreditation of Trauma Levels I, II, and III. Explain how an individual might be directed to the appropriate level of health services: emergency care, urgent care centers, and primary care physicians. You might include incentives or disincentives to modify individual behavior. Include in your response the importance of the ED as a vital component of a healthcare organization (the hospital) in terms of hospital admissions, boarding, and reimbursement.

Submit your answer in a 5- to 7-page Microsoft Word document.

Use APA format  to accurately paraphrase, quote and cite in most areas throughout the document when called for.

Twin Behavior: Intervening • Amee and Aaron are 6-year-old twins of Josh and Lacy. Josh is an alcoholic and unemployed, and Lacy works two jobs to feed the family. When Lacy arrives home late from work, Josh is drunk after spending the day managing the children. Josh picks a fight with Lacy over petty issues and starts hitting her. Amee and Aaron try to protect their mother. As they tug on their father’s leg, he stops hitting Lacy, falls to the floor, and begins to cry. This has been a nightly ritual since Josh lost his job six weeks ago. Before losing his job, Josh used to hit Lacy on a sporadic basis, usually when he had too much to drink. The children have developed a morbid fear of their father, and they are extra careful not to annoy him. At a parent/teacher conference, Lacy is told that her twins’ aggressive behavior on the playground at recess is becoming an issue. Their teacher expresses concern and suggests that Lacy might want to investigate early intervention for her children. Without discussing the violence being experienced in the family, Lacy agrees with the teacher to pursue intervention for the twins’ behavioral issues. • Identify and integrate various psychoeducational or supportive approaches that might be used at the community level, such as at community centers, schools, and social service agencies, to assist children like Amee and Aaron, who are at risk from family violence, to more effectively cope and develop resiliency. • Be sure to address whether there may be differences between the responses seen for Amee and Aaron and provide your reasoning. • Explore issues of gender, diversity, and ethics within the intervention approaches. Your response should be at least 2 pages long, (PLUS) a cover page and reference list. APA FORMAT, CREDIBLE SOURCES

Address the following in your proposal of 1,000–1,250 words:

• The Budget
  • Must include a breakdown of the various emergency supplies to be used in the event of an earthquake
  • Needs to include how many staff members will be needed to operate the emergency preparedness department
  • You should begin your proposal by identifying the population size being served by your public administration organization.
  • Identify any other factors about the population being served that are relevant to your overall proposal
  • Other factors may include the following:
    • Matters related to geography
    • Needs of a particular subpopulation
    • Regional weather patterns
• Earthquake Policy
  • This policy needs to stipulate what emergency procedures need to be followed.
  • This policy should include the following:
    • The frequency of earthquake drills by all personnel
    • Responsibilities for stocking the earthquake supplies
    • A plan for maintaining the emergency preparedness budget
• Identifying Challenges
  • What challenges might the organization face in implementing and maintaining the operations of the emergency earthquake preparedness? Explain in detail.
• Remember to support all of your arguments with scholarly resources.
• Be sure to reference all sources using APA style

Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment and has put it on the market to be rented for $800.00 a month. Larry Landlord has been in business for approximately five (5) years and has had both positive and negative experiences with tenants. Larry Landlord is hoping to find a good, long-term tenant for his apartment. Roger Renter saw Larry’s sign for the apartment for rent and thought the location and the apartment would be perfect. Roger met Larry to look at the apartment and Roger fell in love with it. All of the interior fixtures had been replaced and the unit had a nice large closet. Roger noticed that although newly painted, the exterior of the apartment did show a little bit of wear. Because of the condition of the exterior of the building, Roger asked Larry about any roof leaks. Larry stated that he had never had a leak and was not aware of any leaks.

Roger and Larry entered into a valid contract for the rental of the apartment. (Note: The issue of whether or not a contract exists is NOT part of this question. For purposes of this question assume the contract is valid and there are no issues with the contract.)

Roger Renter was very happy in his new location; the apartment was quiet and the neighbors were friendly. Larry Landlord was also very happy because Roger Renter was a model tenant. Roger Renter paid on time and was quiet and respectful to other tenants.

The part of the country where Roger rented was rainy in the summertime. Roger rented and moved into the apartment in October. In June, a tremendous rainstorm occurred and Roger’s roof began to leak. The leak was minor at first and Roger merely put a trash can under the leak and had no other issues that month. When handing over his monthly rent check, Roger told Larry about the small leak. Larry thanked Roger for letting him know about the leak and told Roger he would have it fixed.

The next month the rains came again and the leak grew larger in Roger’s apartment. Roger was not home at the time of the rain and therefore the leak damaged some of Roger’s furniture. Roger called Larry to let him know that there was a leak and asked when it might be fixed. Roger also stated that he thought Larry had fixed the roof. Larry curtly stated, “When it rains, sometimes it pours. When it pours, sometimes it leaks.” Roger did not like Larry’s tone or response and called back to ask when the roof might be fixed. Larry stated, “When I get to it.” The following day, Roger sent Larry a note about the roof leak and asked Larry to please address the issue.

The week before the rent was due, another rainstorm occurred and the leak was even larger. This time the leak damaged Roger’s clothing, furniture, and some precious items he had inherited from family members. Roger called Larry and asked Larry to fix roof immediately. Larry responded in a similar and condescending manner. Roger hung up the phone and threw his baseball bat against the wall, damaging the drywall and knocking out an electrical socket.

Since it was the rainy season, Roger knew it would rain again and therefore simply moved his items away from the leak and did nothing to help mitigate the damage from the leaking roof.

Larry came into the apartment to investigate the leak and found damage from not only the leak but also from the thrown baseball bat. Roger states that the baseball bat damage was a direct result of Larry’s inability to fix the leak based on his anger from Larry’s curt response.

Suppose you are a mediator. In five to seven (5-7) pages discuss the rights and responsibilities of the landlord and the tenant in which you:

1. Explore the legal rights and responsibilities of the tenant and the landlord.
2. Decide whether or not the landlord and / or the tenant had a legal duty to mitigate damages.
3. Determine whether or not Larry has legal grounds to evict Roger. Explain why or why not.
4. Describe whether or not Roger has a legal obligation to pay for the damage he caused and determine whether or not Larry would be liable for any direct damage.
5. Support each response with facts presented in the scenario.
6. Use proper legal terminology throughout your responses.
7. Use at least three (3) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as quality academic resources.
8. Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
   • Typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides.
   • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required page length.
   • Include a reference page. Citations and references must follow APA format. The reference page is not included in the required page length.